A Framework Methodology for Cumulative Impact Assessment of Wetlands: Review and Findings

South Africa is a country with a variable climate which results in the formation of a variety of wetland types. These wetlands occur in a number of locations and natural settings and display a wide variety of unique characteristics. Wetlands are threatened by mining activities which produce severe negative impacts on them. Currently, cumulative impacts are assessed very poorly in South Africa, as they receive very little attention when assessed in an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The objective of the study was to produce a framework so that a more efficient and accurate cumulative impact assessment methodology can be used to assess these wetlands. Wetlands need to be assessed and managed more sustainably as they provide very important functions to the natural environment and species which inhabit them. This review is aimed at highlighting the various methodologies currently in use so that a standard cumulative impact assessment process, which is more accurate and efficient, can be followed.